What are the methods for repairing special cranes

The scope and frequency of crane use on the construction site is extremely wide, so some small failures will inevitably occur during use. The following methods for repairing special cranes are hoped to help you.

　　How to repair a special crane

　　1. Maintenance and repair of transmission mechanism

Check whether the fixing device of the wire rope meets the requirements, and check whether it has corrosion, broken wire, loose strands, broken strands, bending, kinking, abrasion, flattening, etc., if it exceeds the relevant regulations, it must be replaced immediately; check that the hook has There are no defects such as section wear, peeling, cracks, torsional deformation, increased opening degree, and whether the related pin shafts and sleeves are seriously worn; check whether the pulley is equipped with an anti-drop rope groove device, whether the pulley rotates flexibly, and the pulley rope groove, wheel Whether the edge has broken edges, abrasion, cracks, etc.

　　 2. Maintenance and repair of brake device

Check whether there is noise during the operation of the mechanism and whether the heat dissipation is good; check and adjust the gap between the brake shoe and the brake wheel; check the spring and pull rod of the brake for fatigue deformation, cracks and other defects; check the gearbox, gearbox, and external gear The lubrication of gears and other parts and whether the hydraulic oil is leaking; often check whether the oil filter is blocked, and whether the adjustment value of the safety valve changes after use; there should be no dirt on the friction surface of the brakes of each mechanism. The dirt must be washed off with gasoline or thinner; check whether the wheel treads and axles have fatigue cracks, whether the wheel treads and axles are worn out, and whether there is rail gnawing during operation.

　　3. Maintenance and repair of metal structure

During use, the main stressed components must be checked regularly for overall or partial fatigue deformation, looseness, instability, severe corrosion, cracks, damage, etc., and try to prevent component deformation and collision damage during transportation; check connecting bolts or riveting Check the structural connection and welding seam for obvious deformation and cracking, especially whether the vibration parts are loose or defective.

　　4. Maintenance and repair of electrical system

Clean the dust and dirt on the electrical equipment in time to ensure the cleanliness of the distribution boxes, control boxes, brushes of each part and their contact surfaces; always check all cables and wires for damage, and if they are found to be damaged, they should be wrapped or bandaged in time. Replacement; ensure that the contacts of each safety device travel switch are reliably opened and closed, and the contact craters should be polished in time; check whether the crane power supply and each mechanism are equipped with short circuit protection, loss of voltage protection, zero protection, overcurrent protection, and special cranes Overspeed and loss of magnetism protection.

　　5. Maintenance and repair of safety protection devices

Check whether the crane's overload protection device, buffer, torque limiter, limit position limiter, anti-backturning device, wind protection device, and protective device meet the design requirements, whether the operation of these devices is sensitive and reliable, and whether it can be done if it exceeds the specification If the alarm signal is issued in time, can the power source running in the dangerous direction be automatically cut off?
　　 Crane maintenance method

　　1, external maintenance

　　In recent years, the acidic components of rain and fog in the air have increased, which will have extremely adverse effects on truck cranes. In the winter truck crane maintenance method, the surface paint film of the whole machine should be inspected comprehensively. For the damaged part of the paint film on the metal structure, the surface of the component should be cleaned up again, and coated with anti-rust paint and decorative paint film to protect the metal surface from being rusted after precipitation. In the movable parts of the truck crane, such as the joint of the boom, the connecting pin of the sling and the crane, and the bearings, it is necessary to carefully prevent rust. You can use No.-10 or No.-20 diesel oil to clean these parts to remove impurities, moisture, rust spots, etc. that can cause rust, and then apply a layer of grease. Calcium-based or lithium-based grease is optional, because these two greases have better mechanical stability, adhesion and water resistance, and the freezing point can reach -20°C. Do not use sodium-based grease, because this type of grease is heat-resistant and not water-resistant, and the effect will be worse. When applying grease, the coating should not be too thick, and the method of application should also consider the ease of removing these greases before restarting the next year.

　　2, tire maintenance

　　The tire is the "foot" of the truck crane, which is related to the operation and safety of the truck crane. The most important thing in the winter truck crane maintenance method is that the tires should be properly supplemented with air pressure to keep it within the specified air pressure range. The tires should be checked for scratches and bulges, and the inclusions in the treads should be cleaned up frequently. In addition, in order to balance and prolong the service life of the front and rear wheels and the spare wheel, the shift adjustment should be carried out according to the degree of wear of each tire. Due to the low temperature, the rubber brittleness of the tire becomes larger and the elasticity decreases. When the vehicle is driven overnight or parked for a long time, the clutch pedal should be slowly raised to start smoothly. The first few kilometers should be driven at a low speed, and the tire temperature should rise before normal driving. . If the vehicle is stopped on the ice for a period of time, the grounding part may be frozen, so take extra care when starting to prevent the tread from being torn. When the vehicle is parked in the open air for a long time in a severe cold area, in order to prevent the tires and the ground from freezing, wooden boards or sand should be placed under the tires.

　　3, battery maintenance

In winter, the maintenance method of truck crane should check whether the battery shell is bulging and damaged, whether the battery water is sufficient, whether the electrode connection is dry and clean, if there is green oxide, it must be removed in time and re-coated with anti-rust oil to ensure the battery Service life. If the vehicle in the warehouse is out of service for more than half a month, the engine must be started every 15 days and run for a period of time to charge the battery. If the time is too long, please remove the battery and use a charger to charge The same is true for vehicles), and at the same time, move appropriately to change the pressure part of the tires to prevent tire deformation; the vehicle needs to be parked for more than two months, and the negative electrode of the battery must be disconnected or removed.

　　 4. Air conditioning maintenance

　　The hot and long summer causes the air conditioner to be overloaded for a long time. In winter, it is necessary to clean up the condensate of the air conditioner condenser and water tank condensation net in time, and clean or replace the air conditioner filter in time. The cleaning and disassembly of the air conditioner requires slightly higher technology and tools. Therefore, it is recommended that car owners go to the car maintenance and repair shop to ask professional workers for cleaning. In addition, some car owners do not use air-conditioning throughout the winter. If the air-conditioning refrigeration system of the truck crane is parked for a long time, the moving parts will appear "seize", which will increase the starting resistance torque, cause the air-conditioning electromagnetic clutch to slip, excessive wear and tear. It will cause the shaft seal to dry, stick and fail, causing leakage. Therefore, the winter maintenance of the truck crane air conditioner is best to start the air conditioning refrigeration system 2-3 times a month, each time about 10 minutes, so that the fuel consumption is not much, but However, major losses of the evaporator and compressor are avoided, so it is best to start the air conditioner once a week in winter.

　　 5. Engine maintenance

　　After the engine is used in summer, a layer of sludge will be deposited inside, which will increase the engine's fuel consumption, reduce the power, and even cause damage to the engine. It is difficult to start the engine in winter, and the starter motor is used frequently. If the power of the starter is insufficient, it will further increase the difficulty of starting the engine. Practice has shown that in summer, if the starter has a slight failure and the power is slightly insufficient, the engine may be started smoothly, but in winter it will become very difficult to start, or even unable to start, so it is necessary to take advantage of the change of seasons to start the engine. Thorough cleaning and maintenance. At the same time, check the usage of engine oil, brake fluid, and antifreeze. If it is insufficient, add it in time, and replace it if it expires. At this time, you must remember that you can't replace the antifreeze with water.

　　 6. Maintenance of electrical equipment

After the electrical facilities of some truck cranes are repaired, the covers are not installed in time, or are lost after a long time, or used for other purposes, or damaged so that they cannot be installed. After the shutdown, some drivers and maintenance personnel make them by themselves. One installation. The newly-made cover is larger in size, and the installation and connection methods are also very random. This is not allowed. When supplementing the protective cover for electrical facilities, the size and weight of the protective cover must be the same as the original design requirements for the connection and fixing of the structural parts of the whole machine, otherwise it will affect the stability of the whole machine when it is lifted under wind and snow loads. .
　　How to properly maintain crawler cranes

　　 1. Anti-corrosion of the steel structure of the whole vehicle

　　 The steel structure of the crawler crane is the skeleton of the entire crane. If the steel structure rusts, it will not only affect the appearance, but also cause various accidents due to structural corrosion. Therefore, paint should be touched up in time when any paint drop or bumps are found.

　　 2. The whole vehicle's movable hinge points and bearings are lubricated in time

　　Maintenance points include: lubrication of movable parts such as boom hinge pins, track shoe connecting pins, pulley block bearings, track carrier wheels, track rollers, etc.

　　 Three, engine maintenance

　　 1. The engine oil quantity and water level should be used before the crawler crane is used. If it is found to be lacking, it should be added in time.

　　2. The oil level of diesel fuel should also be checked before starting the car to avoid the lack of fuel after starting the car and causing the suction pump to enter the air.

　　3. The oil, fuel and coolant should be replaced in advance before the northern season changes. Use low-viscosity engine oil from summer to winter, use winter diesel as the fuel, and select the coolant according to the local average winter temperature over the years.

　　4. When the engine has been running for the hours specified in the instruction manual or the oil is found to be deteriorated by observation, the oil of the same grade should be replaced.

　　 Four, hydraulic system maintenance

　　 1. The hydraulic system should use T32 or the same grade hydraulic oil in winter, and drain the water from the oil-water separator in time to avoid freezing and bursting the oil grid.

　　2. The hydraulic oil grid should be replaced after the operating time is reached according to the requirements of the crane operation manual. When the daily inspection finds that the hydraulic oil grid is dirty, the hydraulic oil grid should be replaced even though the maintenance replacement time limit has not been reached.

　　3. Under conditions, filter and clean the hydraulic system from time to time.